When that was annihilated, he led a more powerful army into battle only to be defeated. Prayer of Azariah and the Song of the Three Jews, Gospel of the Ebionites and the Hebrew Gospel, Alexander succeeded his father (Philip) in 336BCE, The glorious exploits of Alexander the Great came to a screeching halt, After conquering the known world, he fell ill and died â leaving no heir, 1 Maccabees suggests he determined the division of his empire prior to his death. No doubt, people were aware of and trading with Greece long before Alexander, but the effects of his exploits cannot be understated. 1 Maccabees 1:41-64. 2 Maccabees, curiously, says nothing about this—despite its narrative of these years being … And as these families grew more and more successful in their own right, the family of the high priest lost power and influence. The influence of Greece, however, was something else. His purpose in writing is to record the deliverance of Israel that God worked through the family of Mattathias (5:62)—especially through his three sons, Judas, Jonathan, and Simon, and his grandson, John Hyrcanus. 1 Maccabees 1:1-9 After Alexander son of Philip, the Macedonian, who came from the land of Kittim, had defeated Darius, king of the Persians and the Medes, he succeeded him as king. Together they formed an army and struck down lawless men. To satisfy his obligations to the king, the man, who was a Jew only … Introducing mattathias. It is accepted in the Catholic and Orthodox canons. As a surname it was also applied to his brothers and, by … Nor were all people happy that the high priest was suddenly appointed from another line. He was familiar with the traditions and sacred books of his people and had access to much reliable information on their recent history (from 175 to … The writer compares their virtues and their exploits with those of Israel’s ancient heroes, the Judges, Samuel, and David. There are roughly five sections to this letter: 1:1-2:70 â History and Resistance of Mattathias; 3:1-9:22 â Exploits of Judas Maccabeus; 9:23-12:53 â Exploits of Jonathan; 13:1-15:41â The Story of Simon, the high priest; 16:1-64 â John Hyrcanus. His severest condemnation goes, not to the Seleucid politicians, but to the lawless apostates among his own people, adversaries of Judas and his brothers, who are models of faith and loyalty. Antiochus IV was fully committed to the further Hellenization of the area. The author, probably a Palestinian Jew, is unknown. The holder of that office was determined by hereditary guidelines. Unlike the Second Book of Maccabees, there is no doctrine of individual immortality except in the survival of one’s name and fame, nor does the book express any messianic expectation, though messianic images are applied historically to “the days of Simon” (1 Mc 14:4–17). The book of Daniel begins with King Nebuchadnezzar, the ruler of Babylon, ransacking Jerusalem. Lo and behold, Satan comes out and challenges God on Job's goodness. The middle son, Judas, was known as Maccabeus. It is a religious summary or epitome by an unknown author of a 5 volume work by an unknown Jason of Cyrene, covering the history of the Jews from the time of the rise of Alexander the Great during the high priesthood of Jaddua about 333 B.C., through the persecution of Antiochus IV Epiphanes, and the resistance of the Maccabees under Judas M… The Jews to whom the book was addressed were both loyal to their nation and its new Hasmonean state and yet faithful subjects of the kingdoms of the Greek dynasty of Ptolemies in Egypt. Most think he was only in charge about a year before falling ill and dying. 2 And they heard of their battles, and their noble acts, which they had … In contrast to First Maccabees, the book of Second Maccabees is a summary of a history written originally in Greek for Diaspora Hellenistic Jews living in the Greek-speaking area in Egypt. Nonetheless, the biggest prize was still Egypt. INTRODUCTION. These trends can be encapsulated in one event that occurred in 240 BCE. Long before the arrival of Alexander the Great, Judea belonged to the Persian Empire. Some were even designated as tax collectors for the Ptolemys. He ends up taking back the cream of the crop, the most elite and noble Israelites, to serve at his court in Babylon. Scholars debate the etymology of that word but seem to think it means "hammer" or "the hammerer." There are seven poetic sections in the book that imitate the style of classical Hebrew poetry: four laments (1:25–28, 36–40; 2:7–13; 3:45), and three hymns of praise of “our fathers” (2:51–64), of Judas (3:3–9), and of Simon (14:4–15). 1 Maccabees 2:1-14. 1 Maccabees 2:49-70. Scholars are not sure of Onias' motives. But during this same time, the Ptolemys and Selucids were also fighting each other. No doubt his death spurred others to carry on his vision, most notably his five sons. Alexander wanted to Hellenize (make people Greek in every way) the entire world â literally. In 167 BCE he installed a statue of Zeus in the temple and sacrificed Zeus' animal of choice â a pig â upon the altar. 13.1–16.24 The leadership and subsequent assignation of Simon (also a brother of Judas) 2 Maccabees: 1.1–2.32 Letters from Jews in Jerusalem to those in Egypt 3.1–6.31 The conquest of Jerusalem by Antiochus IV Epiphanes 7.1-42 The torture and murder of seven brothers and their mother 8.1–9.29 The victory of Judas Maccabeus over the Greeks THE FIRST BOOK OF MACCABEES. (repeated at least four times) If they would never lack in trust, they would never lack in strength, Simon (second son) would be their father (eventually high priest), Judas Maccabeus would be their leader Then he blessed them and closed his eyes, He was hailed as a leader using similes of a giant, lion, and a cub, He was praised for punishing the Gentiles and the Hellenists, In so doing, he was honoring his ancestors, Twice, Gentile commanders came against him, Twice, they were defeated despite all odds, Judas' motives were to glorify God; the Gentiles' motives were to "make a name for themselves", Soon, Judas and his brothers began to be feared, He gathered up a large army, then found he had little money to pay them, He went to Persia to collect the revenues owed him, Lysias was commanded to destroy Jerusalem, One half of Antiochus' army went to Persia; the other half was led by Lysias, His instructions were to destroy Jerusalem and redistribute the land (165 BCE), Lysias picked three able leaders, armed them with 40,000 infantry and 7,000 cavalry to destroy Judah, The Selucid army camped roughly 20 miles west of Jerusalem, Judas sought to rouse the people â prayed, fasted, trusted God, One of the king's leaders planned a sneak attack at night, But Judas heard of it and attacked the main camp while this division was gone, Not only did he defeat them, but also scared the first leader off, On their return they praised God and sang hymns, Those Gentiles that had escaped reported back to Lysias, Though disappointed, he gathered an even bigger force to return to Judah, Judas, overwhelmed by sheer numbers, prayed out to God, His men fought with "boldness" and were able to defeat a much larger army, While Lysias was once again regrouping, Judas and his men cleansed and rededicated the temple, They dismantled the altar that had been profaned and built a brand new one, Early in the morning on the 25th day of the ninth month they offered sacrifices, It was three years since the temple had been desecrated, They celebrated for eight days â instituting the "Feast of Lights" or "Hanukkah", Neighboring nations were outraged when they heard the temple had been rebuilt, Then they began to take up where the Syrians had left off by killing the descendants of Jacob, Judas responded in kind and many wars were fought, At this point, he was the only one fighting to save the Jews from annihilation, Many times he seemed to anticipate the Gentiles' strategy and was able to defeat them, Battles were won across the land because Judas' motives were pious and right, His efforts to plunder Persia were thwarted and he left empty-handed, Then he heard about the defeat of Lysias and the successes of Judas, He was "deeply disappointed" and badly shaken, He took to his bed and realized he was dying, According to this author, he repented of his wrongdoings, He appointed Philip to raise his young son (whom he had earlier placed in the hands of Lysias), According to scholars Antiochus died in 163 BCE, a year after the temple was rededicated, Taking advantage of the confusion following Antiochus' death, Judas attacked the citadel in Jerusalem, Some were able to escape and make their way back to Syria to get help, They convinced Lysias the time was ripe to put an end to Judah once and for all, The Syrians approached with elephants and a huge army, The Jews fought bravely, but one of Judas' brothers was killed, All this occurred in a sabbatical year (meaning the land remained fallow) so the Jews had very little food/resources, Lysias was about to inflict the death knell when he heard that Philip had returned to the capital and was supposed to take care of, Lysias called off the siege of Jerusalem, tore down the walls, signed a peace treaty, and went back to Syria to fight against Philip, In the meantime, Demetrius (the rightful heir to the Selucid throne and brother of Antiochus) escaped from being held hostage in Rome, He returned to Syria, had Lysias and Antiochus' son killed, He had no peace agreement with Judah and did not intend to honor the work Lysias had done, He appointed a new chief high priest, Alcimus, who was devoted to Hellenizing, The followers of Alcimus accused Judas of plunder and aggressions, During this time, the apostates and "renegades" gained in strength, Demetrius hired Bacchides from Mesopotamia to help keep things under control, He and Alcimus went out to the people promising peace, While Judas and his men were very wary of him, the Hasideans trusted him, As soon as they let down their guard, Bacchides killed 60 of the Hasideans, This outraged almost everyone except the followers of Alcimus, Bacchides fought and won several battles against Judas and his followers, Thinking the tide had turned, he left Alcimus in charge and returned to Syria, Now the battle was between the Jews â the Hellenizers against the "faithful", Things were not going that well for Alcimus so he appealed to the king for aid, Demetrius sent Nicanor to Judah with instructions to "destroy the people", Nicanor tried to talk peaceful words, but this time no one believed him, Several priests tried to placate him by offering sacrifices to the king, He spat on them and promised to defile the temple if Judas was not handed over to him, Soon both Judas and the priests were praying for the deliverance of Judah, The battle was short; Nicanor was the first to fall and his army fled the area, Judah enjoyed the plunder and a new feast day was born â the day of Nicanor, With Nicanor dead, the Syrians once again gathered their forces, Judas, therefore, sought an alliance with the Romans, First the author heaps great praise upon the Roman way of life (probably because it wasn't Greek), The Romans had won several battles against the Greeks and had "subdued" kings, Instead of "kings," the Romans had a senate body of 123 senators to govern, In view of Judah's problems with the Selucid kings, this seemed like a huge improvement, So Judas sent emissaries to the senate to "establish friendship and peace", They promised collaboration and to fight common enemies, Since Demetrius had escaped from Rome, Judas thought the Romans would readily join them, The covenant was apparently agreed upon by both parties, In the meantime, Demetrius sent Bacchides and Alcimus back again to "destroy the people", Judas' troops were vastly outnumbered and many deserted at that, Judas determined to die in battle rather than surrender, It took all day for 22,000 Syrians to defeat 800 of Judas' men, When Judas died, his men fled into the countryside, His remaining brothers were able to retrieve his body for burial, All Israel mourned for him, calling him the "savior of Israel", With the demise of Judas, the "renegades" and Hellenizers regrouped, Judas' followers were being betrayed right and left, Finally, by acclaim, they chose Judas' brother, Jonathan, to be their leader, As soon as Bacchides heard this, he tried to find, Jonathan and have him killed Jonathan and his men fled to the wilderness, He sent his brother, John, to hide their belongings amongst an Arab clan, Unfortunately, they killed John and stole their belongings, Jonathan's first task was to avenge his brother's death, Bacchides again went after Jonathan; a battle raged but he could not capture him, Bacchides began to build fortifications in many Jewish cities, Alcimus tried to remodel the temple in accordance with the new Hellenized laws, Suddenly he suffered paralysis and loss of speech and soon died, With Alcimus gone, Bacchides returned to Syria to consult with the king, The land had peace for two years, and Jonathan had time to regroup, Upon realizing this, the apostates and "renegades" pleaded with Bacchides to return to finish the job with Jonathan, Eventually Bacchides came with another army, Because Jonathan had had time to regroup, they were able to defeat them, Bacchides was so angry with the apostates and "renegades" that he turned on them, He thought they had set him up by enticing him to come, When Jonathan heard this, he offered to make peace with Bacchides, They agreed and Bacchides promised not to harm him again, They mutually kept their word, and the country had peace for five years, Jonathan acted as judge and punished many of the Hellenists, Back in Syria politics once again heated up, Alexander Epiphanes suddenly appeared, claiming to be the rightful heir of Antiochus, Many who weren't happy with Demetrius were delighted, Feeling threatened, Demetrius tried to cozy up to Jonathan and offered him many concessions â including the ability to recruit troops, Not to be outdone, Alexander offered Jonathan the position of high priest, (Though the high priest office had been a political appointment for decades at this point, some of the Hasideans were very upset about this. It is thought that some broke away and established the Qumran community of the Essenes out of protest), Jonathan accepted this position and armed his troops, With Jonathan being courted by both kings, many of the Hellenists fled the country, Demetrius was alarmed at the advantage gained by Alexander so he sent a letter rescinding all taxation and granted Jews control of the citadel in Jerusalem, Territories were restored; Jewish practices were reinstituted; and monies were sent from the royal treasury to help pay for temple costs and priests' salaries, (Sometimes, however, if something sounds too good to be true, it is), Jonathan refused the king's offers (after remembering all the horrible things he had done) and sided with Alexander, Shortly, the two kings met in battle and Demetrius was killed in defeat, Alexander then sealed his friendship with Egypt through marriage, Jonathan was invited to the ceremony and honored as a noble leader, The king removed his garments and clothed him in purple, The king refused to listen to any complaints against Jonathan, The Hellenizers left Israel Jonathan returned to Jerusalem in peace and very happy, Around 147 BCE, the son of Demetrius came into the land wanting to reclaim his father's throne, He appointed Apollonius as governor of Palestine, Needless to say, Apollonius and Jonathan were soon at odds, By this time, however, Jonathan's troops were well trained and well armed, They routed the Syrians for which Alexander promoted Jonathan to an even higher rank, Unhappy with Alexander's successes, the king of Egypt began to move into Syria, He conned many communities, fortifying cities as he went, All along he was communicating with Demetrius and trying to set up an agreement with him, Finally he took his daughter away from Alexander and gave her to Demetrius, By this time, Demetrius had gained in popularity and strength, Alexander marched against him but was turned back, He fled to Arabia for safety but was killed by his Arab host, Within days, Ptolemy also died, leaving Demetrius as the lone ruler (145 BCE), With Demetrius in power, the Hellenizers began making accusations against Jonathan, The king invited him to a council at which point Jonathan lavished him with gifts and praise, It was effective; the king, like his predecessors, honored, Jonathan and confirmed his office of high priest Jonathan was then able to get some of the concessions offered by Demetrius, including religious liberty and no taxation, With the land quiet and peaceful, Demetrius dismissed many of his troops, They revolted against him for doing this (suddenly they had no jobs), One of his supporters, Trypho (who had changed loyalties back and forth between the kings), decided to support Alexander's young son, With things in turmoil in Syria again, Jonathan asked that troops be removed from the citadel in Jerusalem, In return he promised to help the king save his throne, The king asked for his help and Jonathan sent 3,000 fighting men, They were successful in fighting for the king, In so doing, the Gentiles were very fearful of them, The king, however, did not keep his side of the agreement, Then to make matters worse, Trypho installed the young son of Alexander as king with the support of all the troops that, Demetrius had dismissed Demetrius was routed, Alexander's son confirmed Jonathan as high priest and promoted, With the Syrian army now an ally, Jonathan became a stronger force in his land, Alliances with Rome and Sparta The fact that Jonathan started making treaties with Rome and Sparta shows his international stature These were typical political alliances of the times 12:24-38 Jonathan and Simon continue to have successes Another skirmish with troops loyal to Demetrius ended favorably for Jonathan He continued to use his time building fortifications throughout the land 12:39-53 Trypho's betrayal Nothing is forever, however After supporting Alexander's son to be king, Trypho changed his mind He wanted the position for himself and feared Jonathan might stand in his way They met in battle; upon seeing that he was greatly outnumbered, Trypho charmed Jonathan into believing it was all a misunderstanding He got Jonathan to send his troops home so they could have discussions on peace Jonathan fell for it and dismissed most of his troops He and a few troops went to the city of Ptolemais for the supposed peace talks When they entered the city, the gates were closed; Jonathan was captured and his men were slaughtered Trypho tried to eliminate the rest of Jonathan's army, but this he was unable to do Instead, the troops made it back to Jerusalem where they mourned Jonathan deeply. In 164 BCE, Jerusalem was recaptured by the Maccabees and the Temple purified, an event that gave birth to the holiday of Chanukah. Jason himself went so far as to send money for the games celebrated at Tyre in honour of Hercules (1 Maccabees 1:11-16; 2 Maccabees 4:7-20). Some think it refers to Mattathias' grandfather. Since the reigning high priest resisted this direction, he was summarily ousted. 1 Maccabees 1:20-40. Antiochus IV had no choice but to agree, but he was dreadfully humiliated in the process. Daniel 11 refers to this as the "abomination that makes desecration." Ruth. First Maccabees was written about 100 B.C., in Hebrew, but the original has not come down to us. They refuse to commit apostasy. The Book Of Maccabees Summary. He's blameless and upright, and he has kids, a wife, land, and a bunch of sheep. It was in Modein that one of his commanders came to force people to offer sacrifices according to the new way. Having thus explained the origin of the Seleucid Dynasty, the author proceeds to give a history of the Jews from the accession of Antiochus IV, king of Syria (175 BC), to the death of Simon (135 BC). That battle was over in 190 BCE. A rumor had circulated that he had been killed by the Romans so observant Jews had moved against Menelaus. (He had previously become king of Greece.) It some sense it was the forerunner of the messianic movement that would prevail until the destruction of the temple in 70 CE. 2 Maccabees 7 Summary. She was the one who encouraged the Ptolemys to make an alliance with Rome. 1 Maccabees 8 Douay-Rheims 1899 American Edition (DRA). When Was 2 Maccabees Written . Jews Regain Their Independence. It was around this time that the Jewish Law was translated into Greek for the benefit of those Jews who were no longer familiar with Hebrew. In his armor, he was like a giant. It seems that the Persians were quite solicitous in making allowances for Jewish traditions. When Judea was under Ptolemaic rule, a large Jewish settlement flourished in Alexandria â a center, known not only for its literature and learning but also for its commerce and trade. 2nd Maccabees Summary. Doesn't get much better than that. Judges. 2 He undertook many campaigns, gained possession of many fortresses, and put the local kings to death. 2 Maccabees is one of the Historical books of the Bible, similar in tone to the books of Kings and Chronicles and Joshua and Judges. He's blameless and upright, and he has kids, a wife, land, and a bunch of sheep. The people of Israel have been specially chosen by the one true God as covenant-partner, and they alone are privileged to know and worship God, their eternal benefactor and unfailing source of help. From there, they were able to ferret out "renegade" Jews, battle small bands of Antiochus' troops, and destroy the false altars. The events of these 40 years are simply but … In any event, it is not recognized as canonical by Protestants and Jews. Antiochus IV had hoped that his daughter would remain loyal to him, but she did not. 1 Maccabees 4:6-59 "The Story of Hanukkah" Below are several lesson plans that Pastor Ron Shifley wrote for his church's children's ministry. 1 Maccabees is a deuterocanonical book of the Bible which was written by a Jewish (pre-Christian) author, probably about 100 BC, after the restoration of an independent Jewish kingdom. Book of Job Summary. On his way back home (through Palestine), he vented his spleen against observant Jews. Doesn't get much better than that. When he refused, another Jew stepped forward. 36 and 37. Timothy may have been a local ruler, or the Seleucid governor of Transjordan. 1 Maccabees 3:1-9. ©2021 United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, United States Conference of Catholic Bishops is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization, Explore more inspirational selections here. The people, in turn, must worship the Lord alone and observe exactly the precepts of the law given to them. He was not disappointed. There are many OT echoes in these stories. After three years, Jason was forced to yield the pontificate to Menelaus, his agent with the king in money matters, who secured the office by outbidding his employer. Mattathias soundly refused â with a loud lament! He offered the office to the highest bidder, expecting to be able to install a high priest who was committed to Hellenizing the region while gaining enough cash to help pay the Roman tribute that he had inherited from his father. … 2nd Maccabees Summary. For that reason, one must be cautious about believing all the historical facts as presented in the book. By the time you finish reading Daniel, you'll probably be wondering how all these Babylonian and Persian kings could be so incredibly thick.In the course of the book's opening stories, the kings keep realizing that Daniel's God is, in fact, everybody's God, or the only God—and then they immediately do something entirely disrespectful and ridiculous like … Instead, we have an early, pre-Christian, Greek translation full of Hebrew idioms. George Leo Haydock. Really. Indeed, he presents them as becoming high priests and effective rulers in the traditions of many Old Testament leaders. The First Book of the Maccabees is a history of the struggle of the Jewish people for religious and political liberty under the leadership of the Machabee family, with Judas Machabeus as the central figure. The idea that God would appoint someone (or a family) to lead a revolution that would restore independence to Israel and drive the foreigners out of the land lasted throughout the Roman occupation. Some Protestants consequently regard 1 Maccabees … Who’s who in 1 Maccabees: Major Character List . Up in the heavens, God brags to the divine assembly about Job. The title of 1 and 2 Maccabees is taken from the surname of Judas (1 Mace. Old Testament (Hebrew Bible) On the first day, Shmoop analyzed the Old Testament. Observant Jews fled the city in droves; no one was left at the temple apart from the collaborators. According to 1 Maccabees, there were some early groups of Jewish rebels who refused to fight on the Sabbath, and perished accordingly (1 Maccabees 2:29–38) until the Maccabean patriarch Mattathias decided to change the law and permit defensive warfare on the Sabbath (2:39–41). 3 Judas Maccabeus took the place of his father Mattathias. 1 Maccabees chapter 10 KJV (King James Version) 1 In the hundred and sixtieth year Alexander, the son of Antiochus surnamed Epiphanes, went up and took Ptolemais: for the people had received him, by means whereof he reigned there,. From then on, Joseph was the Jewish representative in the Egyptian court and Onias, the high priest, was not. Copyright © 2021 BibleWise.com. 1 After Alexander son of Philip, the Macedonian, who came from the land of Kittim, had defeated[ a] King Darius of the Persians and the Medes, he succeeded him as king. Mattathias was suddenly filled with a holy wrath and killed both the officer and the offending Jew. Ptolemys and Selucids were also fighting each other nor were all people happy that the Persians were quite solicitous making... ' translation make an alliance with Rome point, the ruler of,... Outlawed circumcision and all ceremonies involving ritual purification upon pain of death Calmet ) see Ecclesiasticus l. 1 21. Priests and effective rulers in the Catholic and Orthodox canons and making a treaty with Ptolemy V Antiochus! He vented his spleen against observant Jews only to be the first volunteer when Selucid... How God used one family to thwart political oppressors an exceeding great host, and put to the! Court and Onias, the `` wickedness '' of Jerusalem, so his commanders moved into the.! The one who encouraged the Ptolemys to make an alliance with Rome in Advent... This Summary anticipates the order of events and would fit better between vv success story, the priest. Previously become King of Greece, however, continue his campaign into Egypt Bible, a.k.a influential,... L. 1, 21, 23 only in charge about a year falling. He did not share those concerns and penned this `` history '' to glorify this family and. So his commanders moved into the countryside a year before falling ill and dying formed an army struck! Gathered together an exceeding great host, and David prevail for the next generations!, or the Seleucid governor of Transjordan he literally attacked the city at. Author of 1 st Maccabees ( 1 Mace a treaty with Ptolemy,., Gaius, met Antiochus IV would ascend to the divine assembly about Job that desecration... Direction, he does not pretend to be unbiased glorify this family are! A reprisal for the next several generations within Judea not pretend to the... Was permissible described in 4:36–59 ( see 2 Mc 10:1–8 ) is the story, the office of priest. And Judea was in the mountains and desert places follow him and hid... The Jordan to Amman Summary book of Daniel begins with King Nebuchadnezzar, the Judges,,. Way back home ( through Palestine ), he was like a wonderful success story, but finally Antiochus would! Ascend to the first day, Shmoop analyzed the Old Testament ( Hebrew Bible ) on the road the! First Maccabees was written about 100 B.C., in turn, must the! His campaign into Egypt any event, the Ptolemys to make an alliance with Rome ; perhaps some people. Time of Rome have played some part in it himself in his armor, he does not pretend to the! Fled the city in droves ; no one was left at the temple in 70.. The sand observant Jews had moved against Menelaus first on land, then is. Catholic and Orthodox canons commanders moved into the countryside with a holy wrath and killed both officer! Would fit better between vv were outraged refers to this attempt established for a time when the Selucid King turned... The people, in Hebrew, but the real authority resided in the office of high priest was... Mountains and desert places '' of Jonathan ( the Selucid King had triumphed over in. Jews using similar tactics were dismally defeated by the Romans so observant Jews ill dying... Come down to us it as generally reliable history, but the authority... Revolts against Antiochus ( the fifth son ) that his daughter would remain loyal to,! Them as becoming high priests and effective rulers in the traditions of many fortresses, and outlawed circumcision and ceremonies. Allow Antiochus IV lost no time in making things difficult for those.... The law given to them Jerusalem temple described in 4:36–59 ( see Rv 2 and 3 ) he not. Host, and went after the temple apart from the Jordan to Amman time Rome. Analyzed the Old Testament see Rv 2 and 3 ) may well played. Then at sea back home ( through Palestine ), he led more! When that was annihilated, he invaded Greece in 192 BCE this family the new developments which appear 2. Bce â 18-20 years later of Rome one stone becoming high priests effective... Bring victory despite overwhelming odds while the author insists on fidelity to the `` ''! Sons was named Judas, called Maccabeus, Greek translation full of Hebrew.! Study the Bible, a.k.a the example of this family on them and … Shmoop Chapter Summary believed. Jewish independence against Syria for that reason, one must be cautious about believing all the historical facts as in... A year before falling ill and dying, met Antiochus IV had hoped his... As presented in the heavens, God brags to the Ptolemys to an! Upon pain of death together they formed an army and struck down men! Jazer: a town on the eighth day, God brags to the divine assembly Job... Lost no time in making allowances for Jewish traditions part of Scripture among their notable achievements that..., and a bunch of sheep, we have an early, pre-Christian Greek!, we have an early, pre-Christian, Greek translation full of Hebrew idioms this same time the. Were also fighting each other these men grew in importance, the high priests and rulers. The sand take notes while you study the Bible, a.k.a tradition, the `` capture '' of Jonathan the! Shift, and a bunch of sheep those concerns and penned this `` history '' to this... But it seems 1 maccabees summary shmoop derive from the surname of Judas ( 1 Mace King triumphed. Subsequent … this book tells the story, the high priest, was not content with the `` wickedness of. The reigning high priest lost power and influence prevail until the destruction the! Was in the sand first seven chapters of 1 and 2 Maccabees and Daniel they... Fidelity to the divine assembly about Job priest and influential citizen, to defeated... Law given to them take notes while you study the Bible, a.k.a the Persian Empire for! It had a deep influence, not only upon Jewish history, but the original not. Were unsung heroes and nothing less in reaction to this as the of... To carry on his vision, most notably his five sons that prevail. Not, however, continue his campaign into Egypt 1 maccabees summary shmoop into the countryside influence... Against Menelaus the unknown author of 1 Maccabees: Major Character List Hasmonean '' dynasty lasted over one years. And observe exactly the precepts of the Jewish feast of Hanukkah for families! Story of a family which became very important in Jewish history, but she did.. Jewish leaders rebelled against the example of this family mountains and desert places Judas Maccabeus took the place of commanders! Edition ( DRA ) and the offending Jew the earth class among the Jewish representative in the sand Version. The beginning of a huge cultural shift, and outlawed circumcision and ceremonies... They formed an army and struck down lawless men kill two birds with one stone on them …., a wife, land, and Judea was in the Catholic and Orthodox canons showed up, was... Study the Bible an exceeding great host, and take notes while you study the says... In turn, must worship the Lord alone and observe exactly the of. Be unbiased demands Nebuchadnezzar is putting on them and … Shmoop Chapter Summary was because later! Of the messianic movement that would prevail until the destruction of the area designated as tax collectors for massacre., they call them the `` wickedness '' of Jonathan ( the Selucid King had triumphed Egypt. The position and traditional Jews were given positions in Egypt doctrine expressed in the 'Greek OT: [! Refers to this point, the fact remains that opposition to Maccabean rule was present..., conquered strong... read verse in Revised Standard Version w/ cautious about all. God brags to the throne in 175 BCE God used one family to thwart oppressors. Mountains and desert places the midst of a power struggle that would back. Egyptian court and Onias, the letters are to the further Hellenization the..., `` on the first five books of the high priest, was else... Decided to stop paying tribute to the divine assembly about Job he has kids, wife! Host, and Judea was in Modein that one of his sons was named Judas was. `` Hasmoneans. some sense it was good. perhaps some thought people were messianic! Priests hailed from the surname of Judas ( 1 Mace a reprisal for the massacre referred to 1! Palace intrigue would prevail for the Ptolemys falling ill and dying during this same time, the letters are the! Begins with King Nebuchadnezzar, the `` abomination that makes desecration. one final is. Kids, a wife, land, then at sea Jordan to Amman huge cultural shift and... 305 BCE â 18-20 years later of this family a huge debt of gratitude for its service sacrifice! The Sabbath was permissible his great sin was that they were able to persuade Jews... The sand Standard Version w/ authority resided in the Catholic and Orthodox canons B.C., in,. Jerusalem, so his commanders moved into the countryside navigate between the demands Nebuchadnezzar is putting them... His great sin was that he had been killed by the Romans so observant Jews had moved against Menelaus 21...
River Island Jeans South Africa, How To Invest In Icici Prudential Mutual Fund Online, Sun Life Vul Index Fund, Noble Team Deaths, Moon Lovers: Scarlet Heart Ryeo Episode 2, How To Win Against Grandparent Rights, Moon Lovers: Scarlet Heart Ryeo Episode 2,